Documents Cited - Final EIS

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2020b. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Revised designation of critical habitat for the western distinct population segment of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo. Federal Register 85(39):11458-11594.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2020c. NEPA's Forty Most Asked Questions. Available at: Download NEPA FAQ. Accessed October 31, 2020.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2021a. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Designation of critical habitat for the northern Mexican gartersnake; Final rule. Federal Register 86(80):22518-22580.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2021b. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Designation of critical habitat for the western distinct population of the Yellow-billed cuckoo; Final rule. Federal Register 86(75):20798-21005.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2023. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Threatened species status with Section 4(d) Rule for Cactus Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl. Federal Register 88(138):46910-46950.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2024. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Threatened species status with Section 4(d) Rule for Monarch Butterfly and designation of critical habitat. Federal Register 89(239):100662-100716.

U.S. Forest Service. 1974. National Forest Landscape Management. Volume 2, Chapter 1, The Visual Management System. Agriculture Handbook 462. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service. April.

U.S. Forest Service. 1985a. FSH 1909.17 - Economic and Social Analysis. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters.

U.S. Forest Service. 1985b. Tonto National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan. U.S. Forest Service, Southwestern Region. October.

U.S. Forest Service. 1991. Chapter 2620.5 - Definitions. In FSM 2600 - Wildlife, Fish, and Sensitive Plant Habitat Management. Amendment No. 2600-91-5. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. July 19.

U.S. Forest Service. 1993. Preliminary Analysis of Eligibility and Classification for Wild / Scenic / Recreational River Designation: National Forest of Arizona. Southwestern Region, U.S. Forest Service. January.

U.S. Forest Service. 1995. Landscape Aesthetics: A Handbook for Scenery Management. Agriculture Handbook No. 701. U.S. Forest Service. December.

U.S. Forest Service. 1999. FSH 2509.18 - Soil Management Handbook. R3 Supplement No. 2509.18-99-1. Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Forest Service. October 20.

U.S. Forest Service. 2004. Training Guide for Reclamation Bond Estimation and Administration: For Mineral Plans of Operations authorized and administered under 36 CFR 228A. Washington D.C.: U.S. Forest Service. April.

U.S. Forest Service. 2006. Forest Service Manual 2800 - Minerals and Geology. Amendment No.: 2800-2006-2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service. February 10.

U.S. Forest Service. 2009. FSH 7709.59 - Road System Operations and Maintenance Handbook. Amendment No. 7709.59-2009-1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. February 5.

U.S. Forest Service. 2010a. Chapter 7703.26 - Adding Roads to the Forest Transportation System. In FSM 7700 - Travel Management. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. August 30.

U.S. Forest Service. 2010b. Decision Notice and Finding of No Significant Impact Resolution Copper Mining Pre-Feasibility Activities Plan of Operations [FONSI]. Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District. May 14.

U.S. Forest Service. 2010c. Environmental Assessment Resolution Copper Mining, Pre-feasibility Activities, Plan of Operations. Phoenix, Arizona: Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District. May.

U.S. Forest Service. 2012a. FSH 1909.15 - National Environmental Policy Act Handbook. In Chapter 10 - Environmental Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Amendment No.: 1909.15-2012-3. U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. June 25.

U.S. Forest Service. 2012b. Groundwater-Dependent Ecosystems: Level II Inventory Field Guide: Inventory Methods for Project Design and Analysis. Gen. Tech. Report WO-86a. Washington D.C.: U.S. Forest Service. March.

U.S. Forest Service. 2013a. The Legends of Superior Trails: Pinal to the Arizona Trail. Available at: Download Legends of Superior Trails PDF. Accessed January 18, 2019.

U.S. Forest Service. 2013b. Special Uses—Applying for a Permit. Available at: Special Uses—Applying for a Permit. Accessed June 27, 2018.

U.S. Forest Service. 2014a. Field Guide for Managing African Rue in the Southwest. TP-R3-16-15. U.S. Forest Service. September.

U.S. Forest Service. 2014b. Field Guide for Managing Teasel in the Southwest. TP-R3-16-26. U.S. Forest Service. September.

U.S. Forest Service. 2014c. Resolution Copper Mining, General Plan of Operations, Completeness Review. Letter from Neil Bosworth, Tonto National Forest Supervisor to Victoria Peacey, Senior Manager, Environment and External Affairs, Resolution Copper. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. December 5.

U.S. Forest Service. 2015a. Financial Assurance for Mine Long-Term Post-Reclamation Monitoring and Maintenance. Memo from Thomas L. Tidwell, Chief, U.S. Forest Service to Regional Foresters, Station Directors, Area Director, IITF Director, Deputy Chiefs and WO Directors. Washington, D.C: U.S. Forest Service. July 24.

U.S. Forest Service. 2015b. FSH 1909.12 - Land Management Planning Handbook. In Chapter 20 - Land Management Plan. Washington, D.C.: Amendment No.: 1909. 12-2015-1. U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. January 30.

U.S. Forest Service. 2015c. FSH 2309.12 – Heritage Program Management Handbook. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. April 8.

U.S. Forest Service. 2015d. Term Grazing Permit Number 12169, Devil's Canyon Allotment, Tonto National Forest. Permittee: Integrity Land and Cattle. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. January 12.

U.S. Forest Service. 2016a. Final Environmental Assessment: Resolution Copper Mining Baseline Hydrological and Geotechnical Data Gathering Activities Plan of Operations. Tonto National Forest, Globe and Mesa Ranger Districts, Pinal County. January.

U.S. Forest Service. 2016b. FSH 1509.13 - American Indian and Alaska Native Relations Handbook. In Chapter 10 - Consultation with Indian Tribes and Alaska Native Corporations. Amendment No.: 1509.13-2016-1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. March 9.

U.S. Forest Service. 2016c. Jobs and Income: Economic Contributions in 2016 at a Glance - Tonto National Forest. Available at: Jobs and Income Contributions. Accessed September 8, 2020.

U.S. Forest Service. 2016d. Millsite Allotment Management Plan. Mesa Ranger District, Tonto National Forest. November 2.

U.S. Forest Service. 2016e. National Visitor Use Monitoring Program - Tonto National Forest FY 2016. Available at: National Visitor Use Monitoring. Accessed May 23, 2019.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017a. Allotment Compliance Inspection: Devil's Canyon. Globe, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. July 24.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017b. Apache Leap Special Management Area Management Plan: Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact. Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District. August.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017c. Apache Leap Special Management Area Management Plan: Errata to Final Environmental Assessment. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. December.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017d. Apache Leap Special Management Area: Management Plan. Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District. December.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017e. Decision Notice for the Apache Leap Special Management Area Plan and Amendment to the 1985 Tonto National Forest Plan. Tonto National Forest, Globe Ranger District. December 21.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017f. Final Assessment Report of Ecological Conditions, Trends, and Risks to Sustainability, Tonto National Forest: Volume 1. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. March.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017g. Invitation to take part in Environmental Review of the Resolution Copper Project and Land Exchange EIS. Letter from Neil Bosworth, Forest Supervisor, Tonto National Forest, to William Werkheiser, Director, United States Geological Survey. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. September 6.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017h. Resolution Copper Project and Land Exchange Environmental Impact Statement: Public Concern Statements. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. May.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017i. Resolution Copper Project and Land Exchange Environmental Impact Statement: Scoping Report. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. March.

U.S. Forest Service. 2017j. Tonto National Forest Draft Wild and Scenic Rivers Eligibility Study. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. October.

U.S. Forest Service. 2018a. Alternatives Memo #5 - Request for Concurrence on Revisions to Proposed Action and Range of Alternatives. Letter from Neil Bosworth, Forest Supervisor, Tonto National Forest, to Victoria Peacey, Senior Manager, Permitting and Approvals, Resolution Copper. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. March 8.

U.S. Forest Service. 2018b. Arizona National Scenic Trail. Available at: Arizona National Scenic Trail. Accessed January 2, 2019.

U.S. Forest Service. 2018c. Arizona National Scenic Trail Nature and Purposes. U.S. Forest Service. March.

U.S. Forest Service. 2018d. Oak Flat Campground. Available at: Oak Flat Campground. Accessed December 12, 2018.

U.S. Forest Service. 2018e. Plant Fact Sheets. Available at: Resources and Publications Accessed April 6, 2018.

U.S. Forest Service. 2018f. Southwestern Region GIS Data, including General Terrestrial Ecosystem Survey. Available at: Geospatial Data. Accessed January 2, 2019.

U.S. Forest Service. 2019a. Dear reader letter. In Resolution Copper Project and Land Exchange Draft Environmental Impact Statement. Vol. I. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. August 1.

U.S. Forest Service. 2019b. Resolution Copper Mine Project DEIS Comment Period Extension. Letter from Neil Bosworth, Forest Supervisor, Tonto National Forest, to Terry Rambler, Chairman, San Carlos Apache Tribe. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. October 15.

U.S. Forest Service. 2019c. Travel Management on the Tonto National Forest: Draft Record of Decision, Gila, Maricopa, Pinal and Yavapai Counties, Arizona. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service, Tonto National Forest. October.

U.S. Forest Service. 2020a. DRAFT - Biological Evaluation for the Resolution Copper Project Near Superior, in Pinal and Gila Counties, Arizona. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. October.

U.S. Forest Service. 2020b. FSH 2709.11 - Special Uses Handbook. In Chapter 10 - Application and Authorization Processing. Amendment No.: 2709.11-2020-2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. June 23.

U.S. Forest Service. 2020c. Power Line Special Use Application / Authorization. Letter from Tom Torres, Acting Forest Supervisor, U.S. Forest Service, to Jayson Carpenter, Lead Land Agenty, SRP. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. November 18.

U.S. Forest Service. 2020d. Tailings Pipeline Special Use Application / Authorization. Letter from Neil Bosworth, Forest Supervisor, Tonto National Forest, to Vicky Peacey, Senior Manager, Environment and External Affairs, Resolution Copper. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. September 28.

U.S. Forest Service. 2021a. 2021 List of Species of Conservation Concern for the Tonto National Forest. Available at: [Link Outdated]. Accessed January 10, 2025. 
Document no longer available - see Forest Service website.

U.S. Forest Service. 2021b. Draft Record of Decision, Resolution Copper Project, January 2021. Authorization of Special Uses and Road Use. MB-R3-12-11. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. January.

U.S. Forest Service. 2021c. Final Environmental Impact Statement: Resolution Copper Project and Land Exchange - Rescinded. MB-R3-10. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. January.

U.S. Forest Service. 2021d. Pinto Valley Mine: Final Environmental Impact Statement. MB-R3-12-09. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service, Tonto National Forest. April.

U.S. Forest Service. 2021e. Travel Management on the Tonto National Forest: Record of Decision. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. October 5.

U.S. Forest Service. 2022. FSM 7700 - Travel Management. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Forest Service National Headquarters. March 31.

U.S. Forest Service. 2023a. Biological Assessment: Carlota Fire Emergency Response. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Consultation # 2023-0110880. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. August.

U.S. Forest Service. 2023b. Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Land Management Plan, Tonto National Forest: Volume 1: Chapters 1 to 3. Coconino, Gila, Maricopa, Pinal, and Yavapai Counties, Arizona. MB-R3-112-14a. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. November.

U.S. Forest Service. 2023c. Post Carlota Fire survivorship data. Unpublished data. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service, Tonto National Forest.

U.S. Forest Service. 2023d. Tonto National Forest Land Management Plan. Coconino, Gila, Maricopa, Pinal, and Yavapai Counties, Arizona. MB-R3-12-13. U.S. Forest Service, Southwestern Region. December.

U.S. Forest Service. 2024a. Arizona National Scenic Trail Comprehensive Plan. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Region 3, U.S. Forest Service. November.

U.S. Forest Service. 2024b. Environmental Assessment for Withdrawal of 276 Acres of the Tonto National Forest Within the Town of Superior, Pinal County, Arizona. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Forest Service. January 18.

U.S. Forest Service. no date. Superior allotment plan. Document received from Tonto National Forest.

U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2010. Federal Land Managers' Air Quality Related Values Work Group (FLAG): Phase I Report - Revised (2010). Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/NRR—2010/232. Denver, Colorado: National Park Service. October.

U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2011. Federal Land Managers' Interagency Guidance for Nitrogen and Sulfur Deposition Analyses. Natural Resources Report NPS/NRSS/ARD/NRR-2011/465. Denver, Colorado: National Park Service. November.

U.S. Geological Survey. 2017a. Invitation to become a participating agency on the environmental review of the Resolution Copper Project. Letter from William Werkheiser, Director, United States Geological Survey, to Neil Bosworth, Forest Supervisor, Tonto National Forest. Reston, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey. September 21.

U.S. Geological Survey. 2017b. Request Tonto National Forest include the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the Groundwater Modeling Workgroup. Letter from James Leenhouts, U.S. Geological Survey, to Neil Bosworth, Forest Supervisor, Tonto National Forest. Tucson, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey. November 13.

U.S. Geological Survey. 2018a. Quaternary Fault and Fold Database of the United States. Earthquake Hazards Program. Available at: Faults. Accessed April 1, 2018.

U.S. Geological Survey. 2018b. Routine United States Mining Seismicity. Earthquake Hazards Program. Available at: Routine United States Mining Seisimicity. Accessed April 1, 2018.

U.S. Geological Survey. 2018c. StreamStats: Arizona. Available at: StreamStats. Accessed December 19, 2018.

University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program. 2017. Pests in gardens and landscapes: Dodder Management Guidelines. Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Available at: Pests in Gardens and Landscapes. Accessed April 6, 2018.

University of Nevada Reno. 2004. Wanted dead, not alive! This outlaw weed is hiding out! Find it. Eradicate it. Austrian Fieldcress. University of Nevada Cooperative Extension. Prepared by Johnson Graham. Available at: Download Austrian Fieldcress Brochure. Accessed January 27, 2019.

Verberg, R. 2007. Geochemical Characterization of Cleaner and Scavenger Tailings – Resolution Copper Project, Technical Memorandum to Resolution Copper Mining, Project No. 073-92548, December 11, 2007. Ref: 073-92548. Technical memorandum. Redmond, Washington: Golder Associates Inc. December 11.

Vinson, J., B. Jones, M. Milczarek, D. Hammermeister, and J. Ward. 1999. Vegetation success, seepage, and erosion on tailings sites reclaimed with cattle and biosolids. Paper presented at the 16th National Meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation, Scottsdale, Arizona.

Walch, K. 2016. Resolution Monitoring Plan. Personal communication from Kale Walch, Air Quality Manager, Pinal County Air Quality, to Kami Ballard, Resolution Copper. Email dated July 28, 2016.

Walker, D.A., and K.R. Everett. 1987. Road dust and its environmental impact on Alaskan taiga and tundra. Arctic and Alpine Research 19(4):479–489.

Walser, G. 2020a. Review of ADWR Salt River Valley Groundwater Model Application for Resolution's Desert Wellfield - Final. Project No.: 1704007-06. Project memorandum. Golden, Colorado: BGC Engineering USA Inc. August 3.

Walser, G. 2020b. Review of Desert Wellfield Subsidence Analysis. Project No.: 1704007-06. Project memorandum. Golden, Colorado: BGC Engineering USA Inc. August 27.

Walser, G. 2020c. Skunk Camp Model Review. Project No.: 1704007-06. Project memorandum. Golden, Colorado: BGC Engineering USA Inc. October 26.

Warnecke, D., M. Dahlberg, S. Lashway, K. Smith, N. Robb, and A. Smith. 2018. Queen Creek 2017 Aquatic Species and Habitat Surveys for Arizona Game and Fish Department - DRAFT. Technical report. Phoenix: Arizona Game and Fish Department. December.

Water Resources Research Center. 2018. Arroyo 2018: Water and Irrigated Agriculture in Arizona. 2nd Edition. Revised. Dated June 27. Available at: Arroyo 2018. Accessed May 26, 2019.

Watt, E.T. 2004. Don't Let the Sun Step Over You: A White Mountain Apache Family Life, 1860-1975. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press.

Webb, R.H. 2002. Recovery of severely compacted soils in the Mojave Desert, California, USA. Arid Land Research and Management 16(3):291-305.

Webb, R.H., M.B. Murov, T.C. Esque, D.E. Boyer, L.A. DeFalco, D.F. Haines, D. Oldershaw, S.J. Scoles, K.A. Thomas, J.B. Blainey, and P.A. Medica. 2003. Perennial Vegetation Data from Permanent Plots on the Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada. Open-File Report 03-336. Tucson, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey.

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Werner, C., O. Correia, and W. Beyschlag. 2002. Characteristic patterns of chronic and dynamic photoinhibition of different functional groups in a Mediterranean ecosystem. Functional Plant Biology 29:999–1011.

Western Monarch Milkweed Mapper. 2023. Boyce Thompson Arboretum occurrence records. Available at: Monarch Milkweed Mapper website. Accessed April 2023.

Western Monarch Milkweed Mapper. 2025. Monarch and milkweed occurrence records for the the project area and in the analysis area for all action alternatives. Available at: Monarch Milkweed Mapper website. Accessed April 24, 2025.

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WestLand Resources. 2003. Ecological Overview: San Pedro River Parcel, Pinal County, Arizona. Job No. 807.03 SP 340. Prepared for Resolution Copper. Tucson, Arizona: WestLand Resources Inc. September 10.

WestLand Resources. 2004a. Ecological Overview: 6L Ranch Parcel, Yavapai County, Arizona. Job No. 807.06 6L 300. Prepared for Resolution Copper. Tucson, Arizona: WestLand Resources Inc. July 19.